To trigger this Radiant quest, speak to Proctor Quinlan, after completing Tour of Duty. You'll accept an offer to escort a Brotherhood Scribe on a research excursion. You can find the Scribe at Boston Airport.
Like most Radiant quests, the main location is random. Yet even though you are an escort, that doesn't mean you can't use fast travel. Wherever you end up, you need to guide and protect your Scribe to a specific terminal in the location.
When you reach the terminal, continue to watch over your Scribe as she gathers data from the terminal. Once that is done, make your way out of the building. Note that the quickest exit means moving toward unexplored areas of the map, rather than backtracking. Complete the quest by updating Proctor Quinlan.